Abstract: A cohort of 4332 farmers aged 35 59 was followed-up for 10 years and its stroke incidence was studied. Thefollow - up rate was 97. 17%, 86 cases of stroke occurred inthis period. An annual standardized incidence was 1. 94/1000（2. 40/1000 in male, 1. 90/1000 in female）. Risk factor analysisshowed that, （1 ） the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressurelevel in the baseline survey was positively correlated to thestroke incidence. （2 ）the stroke incidence in heavy men smokerswas 5. 37%, in heavy men drinkers was 5. 59 % and in heavydrinkers with hypertension was 46. 67 %. （3 ） the mean serumtotal cholesterol （TC） in women was higher than that in men（P＜ 0. 01 ）. It seems that the higher TC. lower drinking andsmoking rates might be protective factors against stroke inwomen group,though they had higher blood pressure and hyPertension prevalence rate than that in men group.