Abstract: Aim\ To investigate ATPase activity of erythrocyte membrance and morphology abnomality of erythrocyte in hypertension patients with cerebral lacunar infarction.\ Methods\ Erythrocyte morphology from 33 patients with hypertension and 20 hypertension patients with cerebral lacunar infarction were investigated by scanning electronic microscope,erythrocyte deformability and ATPase activity of erythrocyte membrane were examined .\ Results\ （1）In hypertension patients with cerebral lacunar infarction（CLI） the detecting rate of abnormality of erythrocyte morphology was higher than that in hypertension group and normal group（484±167/204±112/140±033, P＜0001）;（2）in CLI group, 80% patients had abnormal RBC＞4%, which is much greater than that in hypertension group.（3）Deformation indexes （DImax and IDI）were lower in CLI group and hypertension group than that in normal group（P＜005）.（4）Both CLI group and hypertension group, the activity of Na +K +ATPase and Ca 2+ Mg 2+ ATPase of erythrocyte membrane were lower than that in normal group（P＜001）.\ Conclusion\ In patients of hypertension with cerebral lacunar infarction, the decrease of ATPase activity in erythrocyte membrane usually associated with deformation of erythrocytes. Treatment to improve the activity of ATPase and normalize the erythrocytes morphology might be benefical to hypertension patients.