Abstract: Objective\ To assess the relationships of baseline serum uric acid （SUA） to 4\|year risk of developing high blood pressure （HYP） and to 4\|year change in blood pressure in a middle aged population. \ Methods\ 1656 participants aged 35～59 men and women at baseline survey in 1984 were non\|hypertensive （＜135/85mmHg） were registered. In 1988 1,480 （609 men, 871 women） were reexamined. Hypertension incidence of the cohort was calculated. Logistic regression and multiple linear regression model were used. \ Results\ HYP incidence （SBP＞=140 or DBP＞=90 or using antihypertensive drugs in the last two weeks） was 13.1% （men:15.1%; women:11.7%）. For both genders, HYP incidence was higher with higher SUA quartile （\%P\%＜0 05）. In 1984, there were significant positive correlations of SUA with DBP and BMI （both genders）, with SBP and age （women only）, and in 1988 with SBP, DBP, and BMI （both genders）. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed baseline SUA and age was the risk factor for developing hypertension. An increase of 1SD（1.14 mg/dl） in SUA was associated with significantly greater risk of HYP for men （OR 1.40, 95% CI: 1.12～1.74）. After adjustment of BMI, alcohol, smoking, and baseline SBP, this SUA\|HPY relationship in male was attenuated but remained statistically significant （OR=1.28, 95% CI=1.01～1.61）. Multiple linear regression analyses showes baseline age, SUA, BMI, and change of body weight were significantly positively related to 4\|year change in SBP for men. For women, no significant relation was found between SUA and HYP incidence as well as the change in SBP.\ Conclusion\ These data indicate that SUA is a risk factor for HYP incidence in male, that is independent of BMI, smoking, and alcohol intake.