Abstract: ObjectiveBrain natriuretic peptide（BNP） is released from the cardiac ventricles in response to increased wall tension. The prognostic significance of blood brain natriuretic peptide in Chinese patients with cardiovascular disease has not been established.The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of brain natriuretic peptide for predicting cardiac death within 1 month in Chinese patients with cardiovascular disease.MethodsOne hundred and seven inpatients with cardiovascular disease, whose blood brain natriuretic peptide concentration were measured within 1-3 days of admission, using triage BNP test, were divided into 2 groups: the survival and the non-survival, according to the results of 1 month follow-up.Results①The blood BNP concentration was significantly higher in the non-survival than in the survival （1712±1415 vs 336±465）pg/mL, P＜0.001; ②The blood brain natriuretic peptide was positively correlated with heart rate, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, history of heart failure and old myocardial infarction （r=0.28, P=0.000 4; r=0.49, P＜0.000 5; r=0.39, P＜0.000 5; r=0.21, P=0.03） and negatively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction（r=-0.63, P＜ 0.000 5）;③ Area under the curve of the receiver-operating-characteristic（ROC） of brain natriuretic peptide to predict cardiac death at 1 month in patients with cardiovascular disease was 0.89%, 95% confidence interval 0.79-0.98, P＜0.000 5; stepwise logistic regression analysis indicated that brain natriuretic peptide （≥755 pg/mL） was the only independent predictor of cardiac death at 1 month in patients with cardiovascular disease （OR=17.6, 95% confidence interval, 8.7-66.5, P＜0.000 5）.ConclusionBrain natriuretic peptide might predict cardiac death at 1 month in patients with cardiovascular disease.