Abstract: Objective To study the incidence of cardiovascular events and related risk factors in diabetes and hypertension patients. Methods A total of 3173 patients with diabetes,35 161 with hypertension,5261 with both hypertension and diabetes,and 50 320 without hypertension and diabetes（controls）from the KaiLuan study cohort were enrolled. The incidence of cardiocerebral vascular events including myocardial infarction,cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage,and all-cause mortality events was obtained during follow-up. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models was used to assess relative risk for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality events.Results Compared to diabetes group,in hypertension group the proportion of male,blood pressure,body mass index（BMI）,serum creatinine,high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）and uric acid（UA）were higher,the average levels of total cholesterol,triglyceride（TG）,fasting plasma glucose（FPG）and high sensitivity C-reactive protein（hsCRP）were lower（P＜0.05）. During a 48 months mean follow-up time,a total of 1863 cardiovascular events recorded. In patients without hypertension and diabetes,the incidence rates of cardiovascular events,myocardial infarction,cerebral hemorrhage,cerebral infarction,and all-cause mortality were 0.87%,0.19%,0.20%,0.49%,1.09%;in patients with diabetes were 3.18%,0.88%,0.38%,1.95% and 2.9%;in hypertensives were 2.99%,0.55%,0.74%,1.77% and 2.20% and in patients with both hypertension and diabetes were 5.11%,1.27%,0.78%,3.19%,3.78%,respectively（all P＜0.05）. After adjusted for other traditional cardiovascular risk factors,compared with subjects without hypertension and diabetes,the HR（95% CI）in patients with diabetes,hypertension or diabetes combined hypertension were 2.773（2.225-3.455）,2.571（2.290-2.887）,3.975（3.390-4.662）respectively for cardiovascular events;3.040（1.976-4.677）,1.965（1.528-2.528）,3.797（2.740-5.261）for myocardial infarction;3.026（2.281-4.015）,2.629（2.256-3.063）,4.383（3.569-5.383）for cerebral infarction;1.927（1.058-3.508）,3.733（2.961-4.705）,3.977（2.763-5.723）for cerebral hemorrhage;and1.988（1.584- 2.494）, 1.462（1.305- 1.639）, 2.411（2.035- 2.856） for all-cause mortality.Conclusion In Kai Luan cohort,Diabetes and hypertension are independent risk factors for cardiovascular events.Compared with the patients with diabetes,in patients with hypertension the incidence of myocardial infarction and all-cause mortality events were higher,while the incidence of cerebral hemorrhage was lower.