Abstract: Objective To investigate the canine nerve distribution around renal artery by the high-frequency electrical stimulation（HFS）with annular electrode catheter. Methods A total of 8Kunming dogs were randomly included.Renal artery abnormalities were excluded by angiography.The subregional electrical stimulation（frequency 20 Hz,voltage 8V,pulse width 2ms,duration 1min）were performed with annular electrode catheter from proximal to distal renal artery in all dogs.HFS positive areas（systolic blood pressure increased at least 10 mm Hg after sustained HFS）were allocated to HFS positive（HFSP）group（n=25）and the other negative areas were assigned to HFS negative（HFSN）group（n=119）.Blood pressure and histopathology were analyzed. Results In HFSP group,stimulation caused significant increases of（13.4±4.1）mm Hg in systolic blood pressure and（9.9±4.9）mm Hg in diastolic blood pressure compared with baseline blood pressure（both P＜0.01）. Whereas in HFSN group,stimulation only increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure by（1.4±3.7）and（1.3±2.5）mm Hg respectively（both P＞0.05）. The mean area and average number of nerves in HFSP group were significantly higher than those in HFSN groupmean area:（0.41±0.19）vs（0.18±0.06）mm~2,average number:7.16±3.94 vs 3.48±2.23,both P＜0.01. Conclusion The electrical stimulation with the annular electrode can effectively maps the nerve distribution around renal artery,which provides a theoretical basis for the selective renal artery sympathetic nerve ablation.