Abstract: Objective To study the relationship between high-mobility group box-1 protein（HMGB1）genetic polymorphism and metabolic syndrome（MS）in Fujian province. Methods A total of 1005 participants were included in the research between February 2015 and February 2016. These participants were divided into MS group（n=450）and control group（non-MS group,n=555）. The case-control study method was used to evaluate associations of HMGB1 gene single nucleotide polymorphism（rs2249825,rs1045411 and rs1412125）with MS and it’s components.The direct calculation method was used to calculate the alleles and genotype frequency. HaploView4.2 software was used to analyze the haploid of HMGB1 gene,and unconditioned Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationships between genotypes of HMGB1 and MS. Results（1）The co-dominant,dominant and recessive genetic models of HMGB1 genetic locus rs2249825,rs1045411 and rs1412125 showed no significant correlation with MS（all P＞0.05）.There was a significant difference in the distribution of haploid CA of HMGB1 gene rs2249825-rs1045411 between the MS group and non-MS group（P=0.027）.（2）The co-dominant genotype GC and dominant genotype GG+GC of HMGB1 genetic locus rs2249825 were significant influencing factors for high triglyceride（OR=1.573,1.558,P=0.041,0.038,respectively）. There were significant differences in the distributions of haploid GA and CA of HMGB1 gene rs2249825-rs1045411 between the high triglyceride and non-high triglyceride group（P=0.007,0.030;respectively）.（3）The dominant genotype GG+GC of HMGB1 genetic locus rs2249825（OR=0.711）,co-dominant genotype AA（OR=0.457）and recessive genotype AA（OR=0.438）of rs1045411,codominant genotype CC（OR=0.529）and dominant genotype CC+CT（OR=0.714）of rs1412125 were all significant influencing factors for hypertension（all P＜0.05）. Conclusion HMGB1 genetic polymorphism was related to high triglyceride and hypertension.