Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence of chronic kidney disease（CKD）in hypertensives with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods A total of 100 261 participants meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected from Kailuan health survey cohort in 2012. All subjects were divided into 4 groups:without hypertension and type2 diabetes mellitus group（n=54 377）,isolated hypertension group（n=34 293）,isolated type 2 diabetes group（n=4328）,and hypertension combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus group（n=7263）. The incidence rate of CKD,decline rate of estimated glomerular filtration rate（eGFR）and detection rate of proteinuria were compared among the four groups. Results The total incidence rate of CKD was 9.4%,decline rate of eGFR was 5.6% and detection rate of proteinuria was 4.3%in all subjects. The incidence rate of CKD,decline rate of eGFR and detection rate of proteinuria in the subjects with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus were 21.3%,10.0% and13.4%,respectively,which were higher than those in the subjects without hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus（6.0%,3.8%and 2.4%,respectively）,subjects with isolated hypertension（12.0%,7.5%and 5.2%,respectively）and subjects with isolated type 2 diabetes（11.6%,6.2% and 6.1%,respectively）（all P＜0.05）. After adjusting for other confounding factors,compared with the subjects without hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus,the patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes had higher risks for CKD（OR=1.63,95% CI 1.46-1.81）,eGFR decline（OR=1.53,95% CI1.33-1.76）and proteinuria（OR=1.86,95% CI 1.61-2.14）. Conclusion The incidence rate of CKD was significantly increased and the major kidney damage was proteinuria in the patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus.