Abstract: Objective To investigate the correlation between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity（baPWV）and cognitive function. Methods A total of 2928 participants from Kailuan study who participated in baPWV measurement and mini-mental state examination（MMSE）during 2012-2013 health examination were recruited. Multivariate linear and logistic regression models were used to analyze the correlation between baPWV and MMSE score.Results Among 2928 participants,1032 individuals（35.2%）had baPWV＜14 m/s and 1896 individuals（64.8%）had baPWV≥14 m/s. There was a negative correlation between baPWV and MMSE score. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between baPWV and MMSE score in the subjects aged≥60 years old（β=-0.058,P=0.041）after adjusting for other confounding factors.And multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the ORvalue for MMSE score decline was 1.02（95% CI 1.01-1.14）for every1 m/s increase in baPWV among the subjects aged ≥60 years old after adjusting for other confounding factors.Conclusion There was a negative correlation between baPWV and MMSE score,and higher baPWV could increase the risk of developing cognitive function decline among the subjects aged 60 years and over.