Abstract: Objective To explore the frequency of early vascular aging and risk factors in an adult population with age ≤50 years old in Kailuan. Methods A total of 21 952 subjects aged ≤50 years without previous history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and having completed brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity（baPWV） test in 2010-2016 were recruited. The mean+2 standard deviation（mean+2 SD） of baPWV in 1 813 healthy population without hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and smoking were calculated and used as the reference value for early vascular aging. The detection rate of early vascular aging in the study population was calculated. The stepwise regression multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for early vascular aging in different age and gender groups. Results The average detection rate of early vascular aging in total population was 15.0% with 12.9% in 30 years or less, 14.8% between 30 and 40 years, and 15.6% between 40 and 50 years. In the general population, age, male, resting heart rate（HR）, high sensitivity C reactive protein（hsCRP）, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes were risk factors for early vascular aging with OR values（95% CI） of 1.02（1.01-1.03）, 2.51（2.10-3.00）, 1.04（1.03-1.04）, 1.09（1.05-1.13）, 1.11（1.04-1.20）, 1.05（1.00-1.11）, 3.55（3.13-4.03）, 1.69（1.38-2.08） respectively. The risk factors for early vascular aging in women with gestational hypertension was 4.27 times higher than those in women without（95% CI 1.34-13.53）. Conclusion The frequency of early vascular aging is 15.0% in adult population ≤50 years old. Risk factors for early vascular aging include age, male, resting HR, hsCRP, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and in women, the pregnancy-induced hypertension.