Abstract: Objective To explore whether patients with pheochromocytoma（PHEO） have an excess rate of left ventricular hypertrophy（LVH） as compared to essential hypertensive patients and investigate the influencing factors. Methods The medical records of 150 consecutive PHEO patients treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College from January 2009 to December 2017 were reviewed. All subjects underwent tumors removal and the final diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology. A total of 37 cases were excluded due to incomplete data. Finally, a total of 113 patients with PHEO were deemed eligible and analysed in our analysis. A total of 113 patients with matching 24 h systolic blood pressure, age and gender were selected whose primary diagnose was essential hypertension from the case database from January 2009 to December 2017, and served as a reference group. The basic characteristics, clinical features, laboratory examination and echocardiographic data were compared and analysed. Based on the log-binomial regression analysis, the influencing factors of LVH were explored. Results The analysis was performed on 113 PHEO patients and 113 essential hypertensive control subjects. PHEO patients had higher plasma cholesterol levels （4.5±1.1） vs（4.2±0.8）mmol/L, higher prevalence of diabetic（20% vs 2%）, faster heart rates （84.0±26.7） vs（68.3±13.2）beats/min, higher proportion of elevated 24 h urinary catecholamines（42.3% vs 24.8%）, elevated 24 h urinary vanillyl mandelie acid（VMA）（54.9% vs 5.3%） and elevated 24 h urinary epinephrine（E）（31.8% vs 8.0%）, lower mean body mass index（BMI） （21.5±2.9） vs（24.0±3.2）kg/m~2, lower proportion of family history（4.4% vs 58.4%, P＜0.001） and shorter course 12（1-54） vs 60（4-96）months as compared to the reference group（P＜0.05）. The prevalence of LVH was significantly higher in patients with PHEO 21.4% vs 10.9%; relative risk（RR）=2.20（1.05-4.72） as compared to reference group. Serving LVH as the dependent variable, the following variables were included in the multivariate analysis: PHEO, age, gender, course of disease, BMI, diabetes, heart rate, total cholesterol, elevated 24 h urinary catecholamines, elevated 24 h urinary VMA, and elevated 24 h urinary E. The results showed that mellitus and elevated 24 h urinary catecholamines were important variables accelerating LVH, with significant regression coefficient（RR=2.08 and 2.81, respectively, P＜0.05）. Conclusions The PHEO group comprised a higher rate（RR=2.21） of LVH when compared to essential hypertension patients. The most likely explanation for the excess rate might involve mellitus and catecholamines overproduction.