Abstract: Objective To investigate the relationship between whole blood iron level and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity（baPWV） in males and females from Kailuan Study. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2 135 employees and retirees of Kailuan Group who took part in the physical examination in Kailuan General Hospital and Linxi Hospital from 2016 to 2017 and were tested for whole blood iron and baPWV. The males and females were divided into three groups according to the tertile of whole blood iron. Multivariate linear regression model and multivariate logistic regression model were used to analyze the effect of whole blood iron on increase of baPWV in different gender groups. Results In the male population, the baPWV of the low, middle and high tertile of whole blood iron groups were（1 497.2±279.8）,（1 507.0±305.2） and（1 606.5±361.1） cm/s, respectively（χ~2=16.04, P＜0.01）, while in the female population, which were（1 327.4±309.1）,（1 359.03±281.8） and（1 490.2±369.8） cm/s, respectively（χ~2=19.36, P＜0.01）. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that in the male population, after adjusting for other confounding factors, baPWV increased by 32.04 cm/s（P＜0.01） for every 1 standard deviation increase in whole blood iron, while in the female population, the correlation between whole blood iron and baPWV was not statistically significant after adjusting for other confounding factors. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for other factors, the OR value（95%CI） of baPWV≥1 400 cm/s in the high tertile group was 1.598（1.171-2.182）（P＜0.01） compared with the low tertile group in males, while which was 1.619（0.995-2.645） in females. In sensitivity analysis, compared with the low tertile group, the OR value（95%CI） of baPWV＞1 800 cm/s in the high tertile group was 2.713（1.776-4.144）（P＜0.01）. Conclusions High whole blood iron is associated with the increase of baPWV in males from the Kailuan Study.