Abstract: Objective To identify hypertensive inflammation-related mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells（PBMC） of essential hypertension（EH） patients from Chinese Kazakh population in Xinjiang, to better reveal the immune mechanisms of EH in Kazakh and provide specific molecular biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and targeted-specific treatments. Methods Thirty Kazakh EH patients who visited the Cardiovascular Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Shihezi University from April 2018 to May 2019 were enrolled as EH group, and 30 age-matched non-hypertensive Kazakh people were enrolled as control group. After measurement of blood pressure, serum lipids and blood glucose, total RNA was isolated from PBMC of both groups. Differentially expressed genes（DEGs） were identified by human long non-coding RNA（lncRNA）/mRNA V4.0 microarray in 6 randomly selected samples from each group. Signaling pathways related to these DEGs were identified by gene set enrichment analysis（GSEA）. Gene ontology（GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG） biological pathway analyses were performed to predict the functions of the DEGs. Reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR（qRT-PCR） was used to validate the differential expression pattern of inflammation-related genes. Results The blood pressure were significantly higher in the EH group than control group systolic blood pressure（157.2±7.4） vs（114.7±5.9）mm Hg, t=10.970, P＜0.001;diastolic blood pressure（97.0±6.9） vs（73.7±6.9）mm Hg, t=5.887, P＜0.001, while there was no significant difference in the serum lipids and blood glucose between two groups. There were 522 mRNA significantly differentially expressed in PBMC of EH patients compared to controls, with 411 up-regulated and 111 down-regulated. GO enrichment analysis of up-regulated mRNA showed that the biological processes related to inflammatory response mainly included immune response regulation, immune response activation and their signal transduction, and the molecular functions related to inflammatory response mainly included antigen binding, immunoglobulin receptor binding, peptide antigen binding, etc. GSEA and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated several positively enriched gene sets and pathways related to inflammatory response, such as focal adhesion, cell adhesion molecules, chemokine signaling pathway, leukocyte transendothelial migration, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, B cell receptor signaling pathway. The results of qRT-PCR showed that the expression of 14 genes in the above inflammation related signal pathway was consistent with that of microarray data. Conclusions Gene expression profile of hypertensive inflammation is identified in EH patients from Chinese Kazakh population in Xinjiang. This study not only provides specific molecular biomarkers for predicting and diagnosing progression of EH, but also provides targeted-specific treatments for EH of Chinese Kazakh population in Xinjiang.