Abstract: Objective To explore the effect of alcohol consumption and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2（ALDH2） gene polymorphism（rs671） on hypertension. Methods A total of 3 465 healthy physical examination participants who underwent ALDH2 gene testing at the health management and physical examination center of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital from 2014 to 2016 were selected. They were divided into hypertension group（n=768） and non-hypertension group（n=2 697） according to their history of hypertension and blood pressure measurement values. General information of the study subjects, including drinking history, was collected by questionnaire. ALDH2 genotype was determined by DNA microarray. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association of alcohol consumption and ALDH2 genotype with the risk of hypertension and the interaction between alcohol consumption and ALDH2 gene polymorphism on the risk of hypertension. The additive interaction indicator was calculated using the Excel table compiled by Andersson. Results The genotype frequencies for ALDH2 polymorphism was GG genotype 68.1%（2 358/3 465）, GA genotype 29.5%（1 023/3 465）, AA genotype 2.4%（84/3 465）, respectively, and the distribution of gene types was in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test（χ~2=2.546, P＞0.05）. The proportion of alcohol consumption in the hypertension group was higher than that in non-hypertension group 34.0%（261/768） vs 27.6%（744/2 697）, χ~2=11.884, P=0.001, but the proportion of GA/AA gene type was lower 25.4%（195/768） vs 33.8%（912/2 697）, χ~2=19.515, P＜0.001. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age, body mass index, fasting glucose and smoking history, the hypertension risk of male subjects with GG genotype was 1.396（95%CI 1.133-1.721） times higher than that of subjects with GA/AA genotype, the risk of male drinkers was 1.351（95%CI 1.103-1.655） times higher than that of non-drinkers（both P＜0.05）. No association was found between different drinking status（OR=1.837, 95%CI 0.003-1 050.656）, ALDH2 genotype（OR=1.318, 95%CI 0.502-3.458） and hypertension risk in women. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of hypertention were 1.425（95%CI 1.127-1.802） and 1.893（95%CI 1.465-2.447） times higher in non-drinking+GG group and drinking+GG group compared with non-drinking+GA/AA group（both P＜0.05）. Interaction analysis showed that there was no multiplicative（P＞0.05） and additive interaction between ALDH2 gene polymorphism（rs671） and alcohol consumption on male hypertension relative excess risk of interaction（RERI）=0, 95%CI-0.687 to 0.687. Conclusions Both the ALDH2 GG type and alcohol consumption are risk factors for hypertension. No additive or multiplicative interactions between the rs671 polymorphism of the ALDH2 gene and alcohol consumption on the prevalence of hypertension have been found.