Abstract: Objective To retrospectively analyze the change of anticoagulant therapy in hospitalized patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation（NVAF） from 2013 to 2020. Methods Four thousand one hundred and thirty-five patients with NVAF discharged from the First Hospital of Fujian Medical University from January 2013 to December 2020 were enrolled, and the patients were divided into 4 groups according to the time period of every 2 years（1 047 patients in the 2013-2014 group, 1 036 patients in the 2015-2016 group, 1 042 patients in the 2017-2018 group, and 1 010 patients in the 2019-2020 group）. The CHA2DS2-VASc congestive heart failure, hypertension, age≥75（doubled）, diabetes mellitus, stroke（doubled）, vascular disease, age 65-74 and sex category（female） score and HAS-BLED（hypertension, abnormal renal/liver function, stroke, bleeding history or predisposition, labile international normalized ratio, elderly, drugs/alcohol concomitantly） score were involved in the risk stratification. The rates of anticoagulation, warfarin and new oral anticoagulants（NOACs） use in each group were analyzed. Results In patients at high risk of stroke（men with CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥2 and women with CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥3）, the rates of anticoagulation use were 30.23%, 38.04%, 62.69%, and 76.67% respectively in the year of 2013-2014, 2015-2016, 2017-2018, 2019-2020, showing an increasing trend over time（χ■=392.549, P＜0.001）. The rates of anticoagulation use in the year of 2013-2014, 2015-2016, 2017-2018, 2019-2020 were 33.70%, 41.09%, 62.19%, and 65.73%, respectively in patients with HAS-BLED score of ≤2, and which were 20.00%, 30.23%, 40.54% and 75.29% respectively in patients with HAS-BLED score of ≥3. The rates of anticoagulation use showed an increasing trend over time in patients with high and low risk of bleeding. The proportions of using warfarin for anticoagulation in 2013-2014, 2015-2016, 2017-2018, 2019-2020 were 33.05%, 36.97%, 15.36%, and 4.16%, respectively, and the proportions of using NOACs for anticoagulation were 0, 3.67%, 46.07%, and 62.38%, respectively. The median time in target range（TTR） for international normalized ratio（INR）（target: 2-3） in patients taking warfarin was 38.0%（20.0%, 50.0%）, and only 11.55% of patients had a TTR of 65% or more. Conclusions The rate of anticoagulation therapy for patients with high risk of stroke has increased over time, but falls short of guideline recommendations. The control rate of INR is low in out-patient taking warfarin. The use of warfarin is declining, and NOACs have begun to partially replace warfarin in anticoagulat therapy.