Abstract: For the prevention and treatment of hypertension, traditional exercise is widely regarded as an effective strategy. However, it has drawbacks in practical application, such as time consumption and high safety risks. Blood flow restriction training (BFRT), as a novel training method, can achieve an antihypertensive effect similar to that of traditional exercise. However, a single session of BFRT may cause a transient elevation in blood pressure, posing negative impacts and potential safety risks for hypertensive patients. From the perspectives of the acute and long-term effects of BFRT, this paper reviews the regulatory effects and underlying mechanisms of BFRT on blood pressure in hypertensive patients, and proposes future research directions, aiming to provide a new theoretical basis and exercise regimen for the exercise management of hypertensive patients.