Expert consensus on herpes zoster vaccination for patients with cardiovascular diseases

  • 摘要: 带状疱疹由潜伏在体内的水痘-带状疱疹病毒再激活致病,是一种常见的病毒性皮肤病,其典型临床表现为沿单侧分布的成簇性水疱,常伴有剧烈的神经痛,严重影响患者生活质量。心血管病患者作为高风险人群,不仅带状疱疹的发病风险显著增加,而且在发病后还可能诱发或加重不良心脑血管事件,如急性心肌梗死和脑卒中等。目前,我国带状疱疹疫苗接种率仅为0.1%~1.0%,而美国等发达国家带状疱疹疫苗接种率高达30%以上。为提升心血管病患者这一高风险人群的疾病预防意识,本共识基于国内外临床研究进展和相关指南共识,系统评估了心血管病患者接种带状疱疹疫苗的有效性、安全性和额外健康获益,结合多学科专家临床经验,针对疫苗接种提出专家建议,旨在采用科学预防策略,降低心血管病患者带状疱疹的发病率及心血管并发症风险,提升人群的健康状况。

     

    Abstract: Herpes zoster is a common viral disease caused by reactivation of latent varicella zoster virus. It is clinically characterized by a unilateral, clustered vesicular rash, often accompanied by severe neuropathic pain that substantially impairs patients' quality of life. Patients with cardiovascular disease constitute a high-risk population, with a substantially higher incidence of herpes zoster. Furthermore, herpes zoster episodes can trigger or exacerbate major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, including acute myocardial infarction and stroke. In China, herpes zoster vaccination coverage remains extremely low, estimated at only 0.1% to 1.0%. In developed countries such as the United States, coverage exceeds 30% in the target population. To promote evidence-based herpes zoster prevention in this high-risk population, this consensus statement systematically evaluates the efficacy, safety, and potential additional cardiovascular benefits of herpes zoster vaccination in patients with cardiovascular disease according to clinical evidence and national and international guidelines. Based on multidisciplinary expert consensus and advances in clinical research in china and abroad, we provide recommendations on vaccination strategies, aiming to reduce the incidence of herpes zoster and the risk of associated cardiovascular complications, thereby improving overall health outcomes in this population.

     

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