Abstract: Objective To investigate the detection rate of the increase of inter-arm systolic pressure difference（IASBPD） in people aged ≥35 years in China and the related factors. Methods Stratified multi-stage sampling method was used to randomly select 262 urban and rural residents from 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. from 2012 to 2015. Simple random sampling method was used to select 16 cities and 17 areas from eastern, central and western regions. A total of 34 121 subjects aged ≥35 years were analyzed after removing the missing information. Data were collected by questionnaire, and blood pressure in both arms was measured by ankle-brachial index meter. All data were analyzed by SPSS 23.0 software. Continuous data were expressed as mean±standard deviation, and compared between groups using F-test if they were normal distribution, and using rank-sum test if not. Categorical data were expressed as frequency, rate or constituent ratio, and were compared using χ~2 test between groups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of IASBPD increase. Results The detection rates of IASBPD≥10 mmHg and ≥15 mmHg were 16.31% and 7.55%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that age, family history of hypertension, low high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）, hypertension and abdominal obesity were risk factors of IASBPD≥10 mmHg and ≥15 mmHg（all P＜ 0.05）. Conclusions The detection rates of IASBPD≥10 and ≥15 mmHg in Chinese people≥35 years old are 16.31% and 7.55%, respectively, Age, low HDL-C, family history of hypertension, hypertension and abdominal obesity are the influencing factors of IASBPD increase.