Advances in biomarkers for preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy complication that significantly affects maternal and perinatal mortality worldwide. The etiology and pathogenesis of preeclampsia remain to be further studied. It is particularly important to find reliable markers for predicting and diagnosing diseases, which will contribute to early diagnosis, targeted monitoring and timely intervention. This article reviews the research progress of biomarkers of preeclampsia, covering markers related to placental hypoxia-ischemia and vascular endothelial dysfunction, as well as indicators reflecting oxidative stress, immunity, inflammation and other states, aiming to provide a reference for improving diagnostic efficiency and maternal-neonatal outcomes.